Exit to Lasers

Laser physics: out-of-syllabus check

Optional questions on stimulated emission, population inversion, laser operation and beam properties, beyond the H2 syllabus.

  • A-Level Laser Physics extension
Learning goals
  • Explain excitation, spontaneous emission and stimulated emission.
  • Explain metastable states, pumping, population inversion, threshold, optical feedback, output coupling and cavity modes.
  • Relate laser operation to coherence, linewidth, divergence, irradiance, photon quantities and a helium-neon example.

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