Kinetic Model & Gas Pressure Explorer
Use readable particle diagrams and calm SVG motion to explain states, heating, diffusion, Brownian motion, and gas pressure without fake physics.
Learning goals
- Compare physical properties of solids, liquids and gases
- Explain state properties using particle arrangement, motion, forces and separation
- Infer random molecular motion from a Brownian-motion experiment
- Relate temperature rise to increased average kinetic energy of particles
- Explain gas pressure using particle collisions with container walls
States of matter with the heater at 12%. The substance is a solid: particles vibrate in a regular pattern.
- State
- solid
- Average close neighbours
- 4.9
- Pressure
- — kPa
- Volume
- 1000 cm³
- pV / T
- — kPa cm³ K⁻¹
- Mixed
- — %
Try this
0 of 4 doneCool the substance until its particles are fixed in a regular pattern. (not done yet)
In a solid the particles only vibrate about fixed positions: strong attractions hold them in a lattice.
Heat it until the particles spread out through the whole container. (not done yet)
In a gas the particles move fast enough to escape their attractions, so they are far apart and fill the container.
Halve the volume of the gas at the same temperature and wait for the pressure to settle. (not done yet)
The pressure doubles: in half the volume, particles hit each part of the wall twice as often.
Remove the partition and wait until the two gases have mixed. (not done yet)
Random motion alone mixes the gases. Nothing pushes them; they spread from where they are concentrated.
Your readings
| # | V / cm³ | p / kPa | 1/V / cm⁻³ | T / K | Remove |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No readings yet. Set up a measurement, then record it. | |||||