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Exit to G3 Physics and O-Level Thermal Physics Hub

Kinetic Model & Gas Pressure Explorer

Use readable particle diagrams and calm SVG motion to explain states, heating, diffusion, Brownian motion, and gas pressure without fake physics.

  • SEC G3 Physics 2027
Learning goals
  • Compare physical properties of solids, liquids and gases
  • Explain state properties using particle arrangement, motion, forces and separation
  • Infer random molecular motion from a Brownian-motion experiment
  • Relate temperature rise to increased average kinetic energy of particles
  • Explain gas pressure using particle collisions with container walls

Interactive stageLive model

Loading the interactive model…The interactive model did not load. Try again reloads this page; the explanation and worked content here are still available.

Change one variable at a time and watch the model respond.

Particle setup

Main mode
Mode controls
Heating and gas controls
Level 3
Level 3
Level 4

Kinetic-model checkpoint

What to notice:

Prediction target:

    Practice run

    Choose a mode and checkpoint count when you want scoring.

    Run mode
    Try Thermal Quiz

    Choose your checkpoint count for guided or challenge mode.

    Study lensIdentify solids, liquids, and gases directly from particle arrangement, spacing, and motion.12 min activity

    Try this

    Read what the particles are doing, then explain pressure, heating, and diffusion from spacing, motion, and collisions.

    Learn to

    • Identify solids, liquids, and gases directly from particle arrangement, spacing, and motion.
    • Explain heating, diffusion, and Brownian motion using particle-motion language rather than memorised phrases.
    • Predict gas-pressure changes from collision frequency and force when temperature or volume changes.

    Exam transfer

    • Particle model
    • Brownian motion
    • Diffusion

    Governing idea

    Gas pressure comes from particle momentum changes during wall collisions. At fixed volume, raising absolute temperature increases mean kinetic energy and pressure.

    Model boundary

    Particles are idealized as points with elastic collisions and negligible intermolecular forces. Diagram sizes, spacing, and speeds are not to scale.

    Avoid this trap

    Heating does not make the particles themselves expand. It raises their average kinetic energy and changes their motion and collision rate.

    How to explore

    Compare particle diagrams, heat the model, watch diffusion and Brownian motion, then predict gas-pressure changes from collisions.

    Predict the outcome, change one variable at a time, then interpret the result. Completion records participation only and does not award mastery.

    About this activity

    Use readable particle diagrams and calm SVG motion to explain states, heating, diffusion, Brownian motion, and gas pressure without fake physics. A text explanation and no-JavaScript route remain available.

    How this activity affects progress
    Course and syllabus information
    Course
    SEC G3 Physics
    Edition
    SEC G3 Physics 2027