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A weekly plan includes suitable cycling, varied meals in suitable amounts, adequate sleep and handwashing at appropriate times. Which account is complete?
The plan combines an active lifestyle, a balanced diet, sufficient rest and good hygiene—the four named ways of maintaining physical health. Only the cycling matters because strenuous exercise is the single way to maintain health. The meals are balanced only if every food and nutrient is eaten in equal amounts. Rest can be omitted because it has no role once the other practices are present. Which description correctly combines a balanced diet with the distinct importance of its dietary components?
It provides suitable types and amounts for a person's needs: carbohydrates and fats supply energy, protein supports growth and repair, fibre supports bowel function, calcium and vitamin D support bones, and water supports body processes. It contains exactly equal amounts of every nutrient, regardless of the person's needs. Every dietary component has the same function and can replace every other component. Water is optional because only energy-supplying components have dietary importance. A fictional adult aged 30 has mass 54 kg and height 1.50 m. A supplied healthy-range criterion is 18.5–24.9 kg/m². Which calculation and conclusion are sound?
BMI = 54 ÷ (1.50 × 1.50) = 24 kg/m², which lies in the supplied range; BMI remains one indicator and does not justify undereating or over-exercising. BMI = 54 ÷ 1.50 = 36 kg/m² because height is used only once. The BMI value alone is a complete diagnosis of every aspect of the person's health. The result proves that eating very little and exercising excessively are harmless ways to change mass. Which summary correctly distinguishes common bone problems, joint structures and joint-related problems?
A fracture is a cracked or broken bone and osteoporosis weakens bone; cartilage cushions bone ends, ligaments join bone to bone, arthritis affects joints, dislocation moves bones out of position and a sprain damages a ligament. Fracture and osteoporosis are two names for the same sudden break, while the remaining classifications are correct. Cartilage joins one bone to another, while ligaments only cover the ends of bones. A sprain is a broken bone, dislocation is low bone density and arthritis is a stretched ligament. Which statement stays within the evidence about bone-and-joint risk, disease causes and antimicrobial agents?
Suitable diet and physical activity can affect bone-and-joint risk; bacteria or viruses can cause disease; and a suitable antimicrobial can reduce or stop susceptible microbial population growth. Diet and physical activity cannot affect the risk of any bone or joint problem. Every disease is caused by bacteria, so viral causes never need to be considered. Antiseptics and disinfectants are used to increase microbial population growth. Which account correctly distinguishes antibiotic use, vaccination, heredity and organ-support technology?
Complete a prescribed antibiotic course for a bacterial disease; vaccination may prevent specified bacterial or viral diseases; hereditary conditions are inherited; and organ support or replacement can have limits such as rejection or lifelong dialysis dependence. Stop prescribed antibiotics as soon as symptoms improve because any remaining bacteria are harmless. Vaccination is an instant cure for every existing bacterial and viral disease, and heredity is therefore irrelevant. Technology replaces every malfunctioning organ perfectly, without rejection or continuing dependence.
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A weekly log records suitable walking on five days, a cycle ride on one day and one recovery day. What does the pattern show?
It shows an active lifestyle based on regular suitable movement with recovery. It is sedentary because the log contains a recovery day. It is active only if every session is exhausting. It proves that diet, rest and hygiene no longer matter. A meal log contains varied foods but almost all the food is eaten at one meal and the amounts do not suit the person's needs. Which revision best supports the named health practice?
Plan varied foods in suitable amounts across the person's meals. Keep the unsuitable amounts because variety alone proves balance. Use exactly equal masses of every food at every meal. Remove all food that supplies energy. Two people have different activity levels and growth needs. Which rule is consistent with the meaning of a balanced diet?
Each diet should supply the needed types of food in amounts suited to that person's needs. Both people must eat identical portions of every food. Only the most active person needs any dietary variety. A diet is balanced whenever it contains the largest possible amount of food. Record P says bones moved out of their normal joint position. Record Q says a ligament was overstretched while the bones stayed in place. How should the records be classified?
P is a dislocation and Q is a sprain. P is a sprain and Q is a dislocation. Both are osteoporosis because movement is affected. Both are arthritis because every joint problem is arthritis. Equal surface samples contain 800 susceptible microbial units before treatment and 120 after a suitable antimicrobial is applied. Which conclusion uses the measurements correctly?
The antimicrobial reduced the measured susceptible microbial population from 800 to 120. The antimicrobial increased the population by 680 units. The result proves every microbe in every setting was destroyed. The counts show that antimicrobials can only act on viruses inside people. After equal exposure to a specified disease, 4 of 200 vaccinated people and 36 of 200 unvaccinated people develop it. What does this comparison support?
Vaccination is associated with fewer cases of the specified disease and is used for prevention. Vaccination caused more disease because 4 is less than 36. Vaccination instantly cures every existing infection. Vaccination is a surface disinfectant used on benches. Which pair gives one limitation of dialysis and one limitation of organ transplantation?
Dialysis may require continuing repeated treatment; a transplanted organ may be rejected by the recipient's immune system. One dialysis session always restores the kidneys permanently; transplanted organs can never be rejected. Dialysis changes inherited information; transplantation prevents every infectious disease. Both technologies guarantee that no further care is needed. Which statement correctly describes the role of rest in maintaining physical health?
Rest has no connection to physical health. Rest can replace every nutrient in a balanced diet. Only strenuous exercise is relevant to health. Getting sufficient rest is a named health practice. Which everyday practice is included in maintaining good physical health?
Use BMI to decide whether hygiene matters. Practise good hygiene. Treat hygiene only as a cosmetic choice. Replace hygiene with strenuous exercise alone. Which pairing correctly states dietary importance?
Protein has no role beyond supplying water. Carbohydrates build bones while calcium supplies energy. Both nutrients are unnecessary in a balanced diet. Carbohydrates supply energy; protein supports growth and repair. A person has mass 54 kg and height 1.50 m. What is the BMI?
0.0417 m²/kg because height squared is divided by mass. 81 kg·m because mass and height are multiplied. 24 kg/m². 36 kg/m because height is used once. Which is a health risk of undereating to lose weight?
It turns BMI into a complete diagnosis. Inadequate energy and nutrient intake can harm health. It guarantees complete nutrition with less food. It makes every diet balanced automatically. Which description distinguishes a fracture from osteoporosis?
Both terms describe bones leaving a joint. A fracture is a bone break; osteoporosis weakens bone and raises fracture risk. Both terms mean a stretched ligament. A fracture reduces density slowly; osteoporosis is one instant crack. What is the function of cartilage at a common joint?
It joins bone to bone as the stabilising band. It moves bones out of their normal position. It covers bone ends and helps reduce friction or cushion movement. It joins muscle directly to bone. How can diet affect the risk of bone problems?
A diet supporting bone health can help reduce risk. Diet can never affect bone-problem risk. Calcium is required only as an energy source. Eating equal amounts of every food prevents every fracture. Which statement about causes of disease is correct?
Vaccination means no virus can cause disease. Diseases can be caused by bacteria or viruses. Every disease is caused only by bacteria. Antibiotics prove viruses are a type of bacterium. Why is it important to complete a prescribed antibiotic course for a bacterial disease?
Stopping early guarantees that no bacteria survive. The course is needed mainly to kill viruses. Completion turns the medicine into a vaccination. To clear susceptible bacteria by finishing the prescribed treatment. What does it mean when a disease or condition is hereditary?
It is created by completing antibiotics. It can be passed from parents through inherited information. It is caught by touching someone with the condition. It is always caused by bacteria on surfaces.
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Routine P includes suitable walking or cycling on several days. Routine Q has one overly strenuous session followed by prolonged inactivity. Which interpretation best describes an active lifestyle?
Q is automatically healthier because only the most strenuous exercise counts. P better illustrates an active lifestyle through regular suitable activity; activity remains one part of maintaining health. Neither routine matters because physical activity cannot support health. P proves that diet, rest and hygiene can be omitted. A person plans meals with suitable food types and amounts. Which physical-health practice is shown?
Choosing identical amounts of each nutrient. Eating a balanced diet. Avoiding rest after all physical activity. Replacing meals with over-exercising. A learner schedules recovery and adequate sleep around normal activity. What practice is being applied?
Having sufficient rest. Practising hygiene only for appearance. Avoiding all activity because rest is the only need. Undereating to avoid needing recovery. Regular handwashing at appropriate times is best classified as which named practice?
Calculating BMI as a complete diagnosis. Making every dietary amount identical. Practising good hygiene. Adopting an unsafe weight-loss routine. Why can two people have balanced diets with different total amounts of food?
A balanced diet must be identical for every person. All components are interchangeable, so amounts never matter. Water is excluded from every balanced diet. Their needs can differ while each diet provides suitable proportions. Which statement correctly connects fibre, fats and water to their dietary importance?
Fibre supports bowel function, fats supply and store energy, and water supports body processes. Fibre supplies all vitamins, fats build ligaments, and water is optional. All three have exactly the same dietary role. They are needed only in equal masses in every diet. After calculating BMI correctly, which conclusion stays within the evidence?
Prescribe undereating whenever the value is outside the range. Compare it with the supplied healthy-range criterion as one indicator. Use it alone to diagnose every aspect of health. Ignore height squared and compare mass alone. Why can over-exercising to lose weight be harmful?
It removes the body's need for sufficient rest. It proves BMI alone diagnoses good health. It can cause fatigue, poor recovery and injury. More exercise is always harmless at any level. Which named bone condition weakens bones and increases fracture risk, even before a fracture occurs?
A dislocation, because density has fallen. A fracture, because both words always mean the same thing. Osteoporosis. A sprain, because the bone has broken. Which statement correctly describes a ligament?
It is the space created by a dislocation. It joins bone to bone and helps stabilise a joint. It covers bone ends to reduce friction. It joins muscle to bone at every joint. Which pairing of joint problem and description is correct?
Dislocation: bones move out of their normal joint position. Sprain: a bone loses density over many years. Arthritis: bones leave the joint after one impact only. Dislocation: every ligament becomes cartilage. Which statement appropriately links physical activity to bone and joint risk?
Activity level cannot affect any bone or joint problem. Over-exercising is harmless under all conditions. Every physical activity immediately causes osteoporosis. Suitable activity can support health, while unsafe loading can raise injury risk. A disease is known to be viral. Which conclusion is scientifically valid?
The cause must be hereditary because viruses are not infectious. An antibiotic course changes the virus into bacteria. A virus, rather than a bacterium, causes this disease. All viral diseases are actually bacterial. Which use correctly distinguishes two named antimicrobial agents?
Use both as antibiotics that cure every virus. Use an appropriate antiseptic on living tissue and disinfectant on a surface. Use disinfectant inside any wound and antiseptic only on floors. Use either agent to increase fungal and bacterial growth. Symptoms improve halfway through a prescribed antibiotic course. What should the patient do?
Continue the course as prescribed and follow medical advice. Stop immediately because surviving bacteria cannot matter. Save the remaining antibiotics for any later viral illness. Replace the course with any household disinfectant. Which claim about vaccination is supported?
One vaccination instantly cures every existing disease. Vaccination works only by increasing microbial growth. Vaccination proves all diseases are bacterial. Vaccination may prevent a specified disease; it is not an instant universal cure. Which list contains only examples named as hereditary conditions?
Influenza, a sprain and food spoilage. Arthritis, dislocation and fracture only. Every bacterial and viral infection. Sickle cell disease, thalassemia and colour deficiency. Why is kidney dialysis described as organ support with a limitation?
A person may depend on dialysis for life rather than regain normal kidney function. Dialysis permanently replaces every organ after one session. Dialysis is a vaccination against kidney disease. Dialysis works by increasing microbial populations.
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