Ways to charge conductors


By conduction(contact)

charging by contact

Procedure:

  • A metal sphere with an excess of negative charge is brought near to a neutral object.
  • Upon contact, electron move from the sphere to the object and spread about uniformly.
  • The metal sphere now has less excess negative charge and the object now has a negative charge.

By induction

charging by induction
You will require two conductors

Procedure:

  • When a positively charged rod is brought near to a neutral metal sphere, it induces negative charges on the side nearest to the rod and positive charges on the sphere’s far side,
  • The metal sphere is earthed (by touching or via an earthing wire). Sufficient electrons flow up from the ground through the finger/earthing wire to the metal sphere.
  • When the finger/earthing wire is removed, only induced negative charges remained on the sphere.
  • Finally, when the rod is removed, the remaining negative charges spread themselves out evenly over the metal sphere.

Note:

It does not matter where the earth connection is made!

By charging by high D.C.

charging using high dc

Earthing refers to the process of connecting the conductor to earth by a conducting wire.


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