By conduction(contact)
Procedure:
- A metal sphere with an excess of negative charge is brought near to a neutral object.
- Upon contact, electron move from the sphere to the object and spread about uniformly.
- The metal sphere now has less excess negative charge and the object now has a negative charge.
By induction
Procedure:
- When a positively charged rod is brought near to a neutral metal sphere, it induces negative charges on the side nearest to the rod and positive charges on the sphere’s far side,
- The metal sphere is earthed (by touching or via an earthing wire). Sufficient electrons flow up from the ground through the finger/earthing wire to the metal sphere.
- When the finger/earthing wire is removed, only induced negative charges remained on the sphere.
- Finally, when the rod is removed, the remaining negative charges spread themselves out evenly over the metal sphere.
Note:
It does not matter where the earth connection is made!
By charging by high D.C.
Earthing refers to the process of connecting the conductor to earth by a conducting wire.
