Simple Model Of The Atom

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Show/Hide Sub-topics (Nuclear Physics | A Level)
  1. The ɑ-particle Scattering Experiment
  2. Simple Model of The Atom
  3. Atomic Mass
  4. Mass-energy Relation
  5. The Mass Defect 
  6. Binding Energy
  7. Binding Energy Per Nucleon And Nuclear Stability
  8. Nuclear Reactions
  9. Nuclear Fission
  10. Nuclear Fusion
  11. Radioactive Decay
  12. Alpha Particles 
  13. Beta Particles 
  14. Gamma Rays
  15. Comparision of Alpha Particles, Beta Particles And Gamma Rays 
  16. Background Radiation 
  17. Activity, Half-life And Decay constant 
  18. Effects of Radiation On Living Organism 
  19. Geiger-Muller Tube/Counter 

Simple Model Of The Atom

  • Every atom has a central, positively charged nucleus that is very small but massive
  • The nucleus is made up of positive protons and neutral neutrons
  • Electrons revolve around the nucleus in allowed orbits
  • A vast amount of empty space within an atom

Electron

  • Mass: 9.1094 x 10-31 kg
  • Charge: -1.602 x 10-19 C

Nucleus diameter: around 10-15 m
Atomic diameter: around 10-10 m

Proton:

  • Mass: 1836 x mass of electron, 1.6726 x 10-27kg
  • Charge +1.602 x 10-19 C

Neutron:

  • Mass: 1839 x mass of electron, 1.6749 x 10-27 kg
  • Charge: Neutral

Proton number (atomic number), Z, gives the number of protons in a nucleus.

The nucleon number (mass number), A, gives the total number of nucleons(protons + neutrons) in the nucleus.
A = Z + N, where N is number of neutrons in the nucleus.

Isotopes are atoms that have the same number of protons but different number of neutrons.

  • Same number of electrons
  • Same chemical properties

 


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